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Claire Loewenfeld, born Lewisohn in Tübingen, Germany〔Tillich, Paul et al. ''Ein Lebensbild in Dokumenten'', Walter de Gruyter, 1980, p. 389.〕 (27 September 1899 – 20 August 1974) was a nutritionist and herbalist who worked in England during and after the Second World War promoting the importance of good nutrition, most notably rosehips from Britain's hedgerows as a source of vitamin C.〔''Contemporary Authors, A bio-bibliographical guide to current authors and their works'', Volume 2. Gale Research, 1978.〕〔Loewenfeld, Claire. "Vitamin C from Rose Hips," ''British Medical Journal'', volume 1 (4199), 26 June 1941.〕 She studied at Maximilian Bircher-Benner's clinic in Zurich, Switzerland,〔Snell, Reginald in Bircher-Benner. ''Fruit Dishes And Raw Vegetables'', Health Research Books, 1985, p. 3.〕 and worked as a dietician at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children in London, where she developed a fruit and vegetable diet for the treatment of coeliac disease.〔Gobell, Lisa. ''The House in the Sun'', Ashgrove Press, 1986. ISBN 0-906798-65-5〕 Loewenfeld was the founder of Chiltern Herb Farms in England,〔''Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society'', Royal Horticultural Society (Great Britain), 1964, p. 497.〕 one of the earliest producers of high-quality dried herbs, and was one of the first members of the Soil Association.〔Loewenfeld, Claire. ''British Medical Journal'', 1 April 1978, volume 1, issue 6119: "Claire Loewenfeld, who died in August 1974, was one of the first members of the Soil Association, reintroduced the use of flavouring herbs in Britain, and worked out a vegetable and fruit juice diet for children with coeliac disease at Great Ormond Street Hospital. A protagonist of natural vitamins, and a sturdy campaigner against processed foods and the health hazards of added chemicals ..."〕 She wrote a number of books about nutrition, including ''Britain's Wild Larder: Fungi'' (1956), ''Herb Gardening'' (1967) and ''Everything you should know about your food'' (1978). ==Early life== Claire was born in Belin, Germany. Her parents were Arthur and Jeanette (née Jacobi) Lewisohn. She married Günther Emmanuel Loewenfeld (November 1895–January 1984) on 5 July 1921. They continued to live in Berlin in the period following their marriage.〔( Gale Literary Databases - Claire Loewen feld ), Accessed 28 August 2010〕 Both Claire and Günther were from Jewish families, however, Günther was brought up in the Protestant faith.〔 Between 1923 and 1925 they spent their weekends with friends Fritz and Lily Pincus in a rented house, in Glienicke, on the outskirts of Potsdam. In 1925 the Loewenfelds and Pincuses moved out of Berlin to adjacent rented properties which they shared on the Küssel, a peninsula jutting out into Lake Templiner in a rural district of Potsdam. Both husbands commuted to Berlin to work. By 1931 Claire and Günther had two children, Peter and Verena, likewise the Pincuses had two children. Both couples also had their relatives living with them from time to time and as more living space was needed they decided to buy their respective properties enlarging and linking them. ''Das Haus auf dem Küssel'' (The House on the Küssel) as it had become known was redesigned, to include both shared areas and private quarters, by a well-known Potsdam architect, Stephan Hirtzel.〔Pincus, Lily ''Verloren, gewonnen: Mein Weg von Berlin nach London'', Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1980〕 Another close friend of both families, Paul Tillich, a German-American Protestant theologian wrote a dedication on the inauguration of their new home entitled, (in English), ''Space and Time in Dwelling''.〔Pauck, Wilhelm & Marion, ''Paul Tillich: His Life & Thought–Volume 1: Life''. New York: Harper & Row, 1976〕〔Tillich,Paul; Palmer, Michael F. ''(Writings in the philosophy of culture Ch. 9 Das Wohnen, der Raum und der Zeit )'', De Gruyter, 1980〕 The Loewenfeld and Pincuses' house soon became a meeting place for Tillich and his circle of German intellectuals until Tillich, whose writings brought him into conflict with the Nazi movement, was subsequently forced into exile in the U.S.〔Tillich, Paul; Albrecht, Renate; and Hahl, Margot. ''(Ein Lebensbild in Dokumenten )'', Walter de Gruyter, 1980.〕〔Tillich, Paul. (My Travel Diary, 1936; Between Two Worlds ). Harper & Row, 1970.〕 During early 1936 the Loewenfelds travelled to Syria and Palestine where they witnessed at first-hand the initial stages of the Arab uprising against British mandate and Jewish immigration. They spent the summer of 1936 near Cortina in the Italian Dolomites where they met Tillich who was on a European lecture tour. In Tillich's diary an account of their time in Palestine records:
From 1937 Claire and Lily's home in the Küssel provided a refuge for Jewish children, whose parents had been arrested or had been abandoned and were homeless.〔 Claire's family continued to live in Germany until the latter part of 1938 when they left Potsdam due to the increasing likelihood of arrest. The Loewenfelds had made arrangements in advance for their belongings to be transported to England. In December 1938 both children, Peter and Verena were evacuated as part of the Kindertransport rescue mission travelling on board the SS Washington from Hamburg ato Southampton and then to an English boarding school, St Christopher School, Letchworth, Hertfordshire.〔Alien and Exemption from Internment - Refugee Records from 1939 Held by The National Archives, Kew HO 396/56/231 & HO 396/56/230〕 Meanwhile Günther joined relatives in England and Claire travelled first to Switzerland before rejoining her husband in early 1939.〔 The family settled in rural Buckinghamshire in 1941.〔Note:-Loewenfeld listing in British Telephone Directory 1941〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Claire Loewenfeld」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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